大学生人格特征和归因对自我宽恕的作用机制

The mechanism of action of personality characteristics and attribution of undergraduates on self-forgiveness

目的探讨大学生人格特征和归因对自我宽恕的作用机制，为学校心理咨询、临床心理干预提供依据。方法对310名在校全日制本科生采用自编大学生错事问卷、大学生自我宽恕问卷和大五人格量表进行测评分析。结果大学生错事问卷内外性、可控性归因评分和大五人格量表外倾性、宜人性、责任感、开放性维度分均与大学生自我宽恕问卷总分及状态自我宽恕、特质自我宽恕维度分呈显著正相关（P〈O．01），稳定性归因评分与大五人格量表神经质维度评分均与大学生自我宽恕问卷总分及其两个维度评分呈显著负相关（P〈0．01）；人格特征、归因与自我宽恕关系的理论假设模型经修正后各项拟合指数均达到标准，模型有效；该模型表明：内外性归因在外倾性与自我宽恕之间起完全中介作用，可控性归因在宜人性、责任感与自我宽恕之间起完全中介作用，归因在神经质与自我宽恕之间起部分中介作用，开放性对自我宽恕无显著影响。结论大五人格对自我宽恕既有直接影响，也有间接影响，即归因在不同的人格维度上起不同程度的中介作用。

Objective To explore the mechanism of action of personality characteristics and attribution of undergraduates on self-forgiveness in order to provide basis for school psychological counselling and clinical psychotherapy. Methods Assessments were carried out in 310 full-time college students on campus with the Self-made Wrongdoing Questionnaire for College Students （SWQCS）, Self-forgiveness Questionnaire for Undergraduates （SQU）, and the Big Five Personality Inventory （BFPI）. Results Scores on internalexternal and controllable attributionof SWQCS and on extraversion, agreeableness, responsibility and openness of the BFPI were significantly positively related to （P〈0.01） and those on stable attribution and neuroticism were significantly negatively to （P〈0.01） the total, state self-forgiveness and trait self-for- giveness score of the SQU;all fit index after modifying the theory hypothesis model about the relation be- tween personality characteristics, attribution and self-forgiveness achieved standard, the model was effective; the model showed that the result of SEM shows that internal-external attribution fully mediated the relation between extraversion and self-forgiveness, controllable attribution fully did the relation between agreeableness, responsibility and self-forgiveness, attribution partially did relation between neuroticism and self-forgiveness, and openness didn＇t influence self-forgiveness significantly. Conclusion The big five personalities not only directly also indirectly influence self-forgiveness-attribution plays different degrees of mediation in various personalities.