法益理论的发展源流及其启示

The Origin and Development of Legal Interest’s Theory with Its Enlightenment

法益概念的产生对大陆法系国家刑法理论的发展有重大的意义。法益理论在不同的历史时期被赋予不同的内容。自由主义始终是法益概念的精神内核,坚持法益论就必须坚持刑法的个人主义与规范主义。基本法实现了法益概念规范性与非规范性之间的平衡,现代刑法必须强调宪法的重要作用。宪法和刑法规定是对刑法保护客体的规范限制,此外,刑法的谦抑性原则及实害原则也是对刑法保护客体的重要的限制原则。

The emergence of legal interests’concept makes great significance for the development of national criminal law theory in the civil law countries. The theory of legal interest has been endowed with various connotations during different historical periods. Whatever, liberalism has always been the spiritual core of the concept of legal interests, thus the theory has to adhere to the individualism and normative doctrine of criminal law. As the basic law has realized the balance between normative and non-normative standards of legal interests concept,the modern criminal law must emphasize the important role of the Constitution. The specification of constitutional and criminal law limit the object of criminal law protections. Meanwhile, the principles of modesty and real harm in criminal law are also important principle that limits the object criminal law protects.