农民土地维权行动方式考察及法律对策研究

Observation on the Behavioral Mode of Protecting Farmers’Land Right and Corresponding Legal Strategy

在评析国内外农民土地维权三种观点基础上,认为"日常抵抗"、"依法抗争"、"以法抗争"三种理论模型均存在一定的缺陷,认为就农民阶层的行为动力层面考察,相对剥夺理论更具价值与逻辑双向解释力。根据该理论,主张中国乡村地权的残缺以及法律的倾斜,导致失地农民阶层谈判能力缺失或被削弱,当上访与司法救济均呈现为低效应时,失地农民往往倾向于选择群体性维权路径,以追求维权行动的有效性与利益的最大化,在此基础上进而提出农村土地国有化,土地法权模型趋向开放性,简单化方向发展为解决困局的可能之路。

After analyzing the three opinions on the protection of farmers＇ legal rights to their land, this article considers there are some defects in the three theoretical models. It believes that on the level of behavior and action of farmer the theory of relative deprivation is regarded as the most explanatory theory between value and logic. Based on this theory, the article argues that the deformity of Chinese rural tenure and legal tilt lead to that the negotiating power of landless farmers is deformed or weakened; when appeal and judicial remedies are inefficient, landless farmers tend to protect their rights in group in pursuit of maximum efficiency and value of their protection action. In the end, the article put forward that the nationalization of rural land and the simplification of rural land right may be a way out.