前臂外侧皮神经的血供特点与皮神经营养血管皮瓣的设计

The characteristics of blood supply of the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve and design of neurocutaneous island flap

目的：为临床设计带外侧皮神经营养血管筋膜皮瓣提供依据。方法：用显微解剖测量法、标本透明法研究前臂外侧皮神经外科解剖与头静脉的关系以及其神经血管皮肤穿支的位置、长度、对皮神经的营养形式等。结果：前臂外侧皮神经共有４支神经血管皮肤穿支，其全程由神经旁血管和主要动脉共同营养。前臂外侧皮神经前支与头静脉紧密伴行。结论：顺沿头静脉，可切取带外侧皮神经营养血管筋膜蒂或血管神经蒂岛状皮瓣，用于修复肘部、前臂远端１／３段和腕部等部位软组织缺损。

To provide anatomic basis for designing fasciocutaneous flap pedicled based on the nutrient vessels of the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve(LACN). Micro-anatomy and transparent specimen made by colored latex injection were applied to study the surgical anatomy, the origin, orientation, length, pattern of the blood supply of the LACN and the relationship between LACN and cephalic vein in 37 upper limbs. The LACN got its blood supply by both paraneural vessels and long artery, and 4 neuro-vascular cutaneous perforators were found. The LACN is accompanied closely by the cephalic vein. Fascial or neurovascular island flap pedicled with the neutrient vessels of the LACN could be designed along the cephalic vein and used to repair soft tissue defects around the elbow, distal one third of forearm and wrist.