天然神经细胞外基质桥接周围神经缺损的实验研究

The experimental study of nerve repairament with nervous NECM

周围神经缺损的修复一直是困扰临床医生的一个难题，为此我们尝试了用组织工程方法修复周围神经缺损的实验研究，旨在了解天然神经细胞外基质（ＮａｔｕｒｅＥｘｔｒａｃｅｌｕｌａｒＭａｔｒｉｘ，ＮＥＣＭ）在神经再生中的作用，为临床修复周围神经缺损寻求新的替代材料。实验用ＳＤ大鼠４８只各组１２只分别用ＮＥＣＭ，自体坐骨神经；腹壁浅静脉桥接坐骨神经１０ｍｍ缺损，空白对照组缺损旷置。术后８周，观察运动功能、再生神经形态学及ＨＲＰ逆行标记脊髓前角运动神经元情况表明，上述指标ＮＥＣＭ组与自体神经移植组无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）优于静脉移植组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。该移植体无免疫排斥反应，具有良好的生物相容性，且富含神经再生所需生物要素，为神经再生构成了良好的微环境条件，因此在临床修复神经缺损有潜在的实用价值。

In order to understand the effect of NECM on the regeneration of axons and to offer experimental evidences of clinical application of the peripheral nerve injury repairment, the NECM was used as a kind of nervous substitute to reconnect the gap of the defected nerves, rat of sciatic nervous injury was used as experimental animal pattern in this study. 48 adult healthy rats(200～240g) were divided into four groups randomly, NECM experimental group(12), nervous autograft (NAG) experimental group(12), vein reconnection experimental group(12) and blank control group(12). The specimens were gained after 8 weeks. The results of visual observation、motor functioin、 HRP reversal labeling test showed that these was no statistically difference between the NAG and NECM groups(P>0.05), which were superior to that of vein group(P<0.01). These findings reveal that NECM of nerve is a new ideal biological material for repairing the defected peripheral nerve injury.