大跨空间钢结构预应力施工技术研究与应用——大跨空间钢结构预应力技术发展与应用综述

Research and Application of Long-span Space Steel Structure Prestress Construction Technology——Review on Development and Application of Long-span Space Steel Structure Prestress Technology

近10年来,我国预应力钢结构在拉索材料、结构形式和施工技术方面都有了快速的发展,取得了令人注目的技术进步。其中,拉索材料从钢绞线组装索和钢丝绳组装索,向高强钢丝束和钢拉杆等成品索发展,钢丝表面防腐从镀锌处理到环氧喷涂和镀锌铝处理。结构形式包括张弦梁/桁架/网格、斜拉结构、预应力桁架、索桁架、索拱、弦支穹顶、索网、索穹顶及多次杂交结构和特殊结构等。预应力钢结构施工,不仅仅是纯粹的制作、安装和张拉工艺,而是系统性和全过程性的施工技术。具体体现在:分析和工艺的结合,节点、索头和张拉机具的结合,刚构和拉索施工的结合,及从分析到制作、安装和张拉的全过程施工控制。

At recent ten years,the cable material,structure style and construction technology of prestressed steel structure have rapid development in China.The cable materials have high-strength steel tendon and steel tie rod,as well as steel strand assembly cable and steel wire rope assembly cable.Anti-corrosion method of steel strand develops from zinc plating towards epoxy spraying and zinc-aluminum plating.The structure style of prestressed steel structure includes beam string /truss /grid structure,stayed structure,prestressed truss structure,cable truss structure,cable-arch structure,suspended-dome structure,cable-grid structure,cable-dome structure,repeatedly hybrid structure and special structure,etc.Construction of prestressed steel structure is not only the pure fabrication and installation and tension process,but the systematic and whole process construction technology,which expresses the combination of analysis with process,the combination of joint,cable end with tensioning equipment,the combination of rigid structure with cable construction,and the whole process construction control from analysis to prefabrication,installation and tension.