管理性向特征及其影响因素:对两家优秀民营企业创始人及其高管团队的个案调查

Management Orientation Characteristics and Influencing Factors:A Case Study on the Founders and Senior Management Teams of Two Successful Private Enterprises in China

管理性向是管理者顺利履行管理职责并达到预期绩效目标所需的心理特质,是组织绩效的重要前因变量。本文采用传记资料访谈与问卷调查相结合的方法,对国内两家优秀民营企业创始人与高管团队管理性向及其影响因素进行调查。结果发现:(1)创始人具有自信、支配、权变、进取、吃苦耐劳等公认的企业家特质,也具有不善应对人际难题等个性化特质;(2)家庭背景、教育经历、人生关键事件以及个人价值观和企业经营理念对创始人管理性向的形成和发展有程度不等的影响;(3)高管团队管理性向的形成和发展,既受创始人管理性向及其个人特质定格式的影响,也与行业特征需求紧密相关。

Management orientation characteristics are essential for enterprise managers to carry out their job responsibilities and reach their expected work performance. The authors investigated and analyzed the management orientation characteristics and their influencing factors of the enterprise founders and the top management teams for two successful Chinese private enterprises, using biography interviews and questionnaire surveys. The results show that： （1）the founders both possess commonly acknowledged entrepreneurial characteristics including confidence, administration, contingency, diligence, etc. , but they also possess distinct personal characteristics such as not good at dealing with interpersonal difficulties; （2）family background, educational experience, critical life event, personal value, and personal management concept all influence to different extents the formation and development of the founders＇ management orientation; （3）the formation and development of the top management teams＇ management orientation are influenced by the founders＇ management orientation characteristics and personalities, as well as characteristics of the industry.