陕西省安康市农村妇女呼吸道和眼部症状环境危险因素分析

Environmental hazard factors for respiratory tract and eye symptoms of women in Ankang rural,Shaanxi Province

目的研究环境危险因素与妇女呼吸道和眼睛症状发生的关系。方法选择陕西安康农村1575名妇女,进行健康调查和环境危险因素调查。结果调整了年龄和经济因素后,吸烟、被动吸烟、冬季从不开窗换气、煤和生物燃料并用与呼吸道症状发生的OR值分别为2.42、1.35、1.52、1.44;做饭年限、开始做饭年龄每增加1年,呼吸道症状发生的OR值分别为1.44和0.92。冬季从不开窗换气、煤和生物燃料并用与眼部症状发生的OR值分别为1.67和1.49;做饭年限、开始做饭年龄每增加1年,眼部症状发生的OR值分别为1.56和0.92;每天做饭时间每增加1小时,眼部症状发生的OR值为1.36。结论做饭时的污染物暴露是影响农村妇女呼吸道和眼部症状最主要的环境危险因素。

Objective To investigate the relationship between environmental risk factors and respiratory and eye symptoms of women in rural areas,so as to provide baseline data for the intervention of indoor air pollution.Method A household survey on the environmental risk factors and the health of 1575 rural women was analyzed.Results After age and income being adjusted,the OR of smoking,passive smoking,no ventilation indoors,using both coal and biomass versus respiratory symptoms were 2.42,1.35,1.52 and 1.44.The OR of cooking years and the age of beginning to cook versus respiratory symptoms were 1.44 and 0.92.The OR of no ventilation indoors,using both coal and biomass versus eye symptoms were 1.67 and 1.49.The OR of cooking years and the age of beginning to cook versus eye symptoms were 1.56 and 0.92.The OR of increasing cooking time everyday versus eye symptoms was 1.36.Conclusion Exposure to indoor air pollution during cooking time was the most significant environmental risk factor for the respiratory and eye symptoms in rural women.