刺五加叶挥发性化学成分的提取与气相色谱-质谱分析

Extraction and GC/MS analysis of volatile constituents from Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr.et Maxim.) Harms leaf

目的:比较不同提取方法对刺五加叶中挥发性化学成分的得率,并对其挥发性化学成分进行分析。方法:采用同时蒸馏萃取法(SDE)与常规提取法(水蒸气蒸馏法、溶剂法)对刺五加叶药材挥发性化学成分的提取收率进行比较研究,用GC/MS法对其挥发性化学成分进行分离鉴定,用峰面积归一化法得出各化学成分在挥发性组分中的相对百分含量。结果:共分离出51个成分,确认了其中39种化学成分,主要为萜类及其含氧衍生物(68.85%)和芳香族类化合物(6.32%),其中,(+)匙-叶桉油烯醇含量最高,达19.89%,其余依次为1甲-基-5亚-甲基-8-[1甲-基乙基]-1,6环-癸二烯(7.02%)和1甲-基-1乙-烯基-2,4二-异丙烯基-环己烷(5.59%)等。结论:同时蒸馏萃取法是提取刺五加叶挥发性物质的优良方法。采用GC-MS法可以高效、适用、准确地分析、鉴定药材中挥发性物质的组成,对深入探索中药的药用价值具有积极的促进作用。

Objective： To determine the volatile constituents extracted from Acanthopanax senticosus（Rupr.et Maxim.） Harms leaf by different methods.Methods： Simultaneous distillation and solvent extraction（SDE）,traditional hydrodistillation（HD） and solvent extraction were applied to analyze the volatile constituents of Acanthopanax senticosus（Rupr.et Maxim.） Harms leaf.The volatile constituents were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and the relative contents of the constituents were determined by an area nomalization method.Results： Totally 51 peaks were separated,of which 39 compounds were identified and quantified.The main components were terpenoids,and their oxo-derivatives（68.85%） and aromatic compounds（6.32%）.The main volatile chemical components were（＋）-spathulenol（19.89%）;1-methyl-5-methylene-8-[1-methylethyl]-1,6-cyclodecadiene（7.02%）;1-methyl-1-vinyl-2,4-isopropenyl-cyclohexane（5.59%） and others.Conclusion： Simultaneous distillation and solvent extraction（SDE） is suitable for the extraction and GC/MS can be used to determine the volatile constituents.