产后妇女非意愿妊娠的干预措施及效果分析

Analysis on the effect of prevention of unwanted pregnancy among postnatal women

目的提出产后妇女非意愿妊娠的干预措施并评价效果,为降低哺乳期非意愿妊娠提供依据。方法以330名产妇作为干预对象,以文化程度、年龄、分娩时间、分娩方式作为匹配因素,选择对照组。接产医院对干预组产妇配偶进行避孕宣教,发放避孕用具,并在产后42天回访强化宣教。对照组只接受常规产科服务。结果 1年后非意愿妊娠在干预组和对照组的发生率分别为2.3%和11.1%,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000)。干预组综合避孕率90.3%,明显高于对照组41.1%(P=0.000)。干预组避孕知识得分高于对照组(P=0.000)。结论由接产医院实施的产妇及配偶哺乳期科学避孕干预措施,能减少产后非意愿妊娠的发生,保障产后妇女的生殖健康。

Objective To assess the effectiveness of the preventive measures on unwanted pregnancy among postnatal women.Methods Three hundred and thirty postnatal couples were selected into intervention group.Before discharge,all women and their husbands were given contraceptive education with relevant health education pamphlets,distributed one packet of condoms and told to be followed-up at 42 days and one year postpartum.Controls were matched with educational level,age,delivery way,delivery date,etc.Results At one year,unwanted pregnancy rate was 2.3% in intervention group,and 11.1% in control group,with significant statistical difference（P = 0.000）.The component contraception rate of 90.3% in intervention group was higher than that in control group（41.1%）（P = 0.000）.The average score of awareness about contraception in intervention group was higher（P = 0.000）.Conclusions The measures to prevent postnatal women from unwanted pregnancy implemented by the maternity hospital could reduce unwanted pregnancy and improve reproduction health status of postnatal women.