浙江省水稻生产能力和制约因素及对策

Rice Production in Zhejiang Province:Production Capacity,Restrictive Factors and Countermeasures

大米是浙江省最重要的口粮品种。促进水稻生产稳定发展是确保浙江省粮食安全的关键举措之一。本文在简要分析浙江省水稻现实生产力的基础上,测算了水稻生产潜力,并针对制约浙江省水稻生产的因素,提出相应的对策。研究表明,通过恢复双季稻面积,可新增生产能力336万t;提高现有成熟技术到位率,提高单产可新增生产能力60万t;若两个条件均能充分发挥,浙江省水稻潜在生产力可达到1249万t,比现实生产力高582万t。提出必须优化生产扶持政策,加大中低产田改造,优化品种结构,提高技术到位率,推进规模经营,促进全面均衡增产。

Rice is the most important ration in Zhejiang Province,so promoting the steady development of rice production is one of the essential actions to maintaining the food security.Based on analysis of the realistic rice productivity in Zhejiang Province,we calculated the potential productivity and put forward corresponding measures depending on restrict factors of rice production in Zhejiang Province.The results showed that the new production capacity could reach 336×104 ton according to recovering double-cropping paddy and 60×104 ton according to improving yield.If both of the conditions above were reached,the new production capacity in Zhejiang Province could reach 1249×104 ton,582×104 ton higher than realistic productivity.To further improve the rice production capacity and promote balanced increase of national rice production,we must optimize policies supporting agriculture,strengthen the amelioration of medium and low yield fields,enhance the technique popularization,promote the large-scale operation,and strengthen agricultural technology extension.