植物提取物对油茶主要病害的抑菌作用

Inhibition effects of plant extracts against major diseases of Camellia oleifera

采用生长速率法初步筛选了20种植物的水提取物对油茶软腐病菌、炭疽病菌的生物活性。结果表明:丁香、黄芩、芦荟、穿心莲、金银花的水提物对油茶炭疽病菌,软腐病菌的抑制率均可达60%以上,其中丁香提取物的抑菌效果最好分别达到96.2%、98.2%。不同植物提取物对油茶的主要病害都有一定的预防作用。不同植物提取物的林间防治效果表明:当丁香、黄芩提取物及茶皂素的质量比为1:1:1时,对油茶主要病害的防治效果最好,可达80%,同时可以将油茶的病果率降低约60%。

Using growth rate method,biological activities of water extracts from 20 different plants were tested against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Agaricodochium camellia.The results show the inhibition rates of the extracts of Syzygium aromaticum,Scutellaria altissima,Aloe vera,Lonicera japonica,Lonicera japonica against both tested pathogens were more than 60%.The inhibition effects of Syzygium aromaticum against both tested pathogens were the best,respectively 96.2% and 98.2%.Different plant extracts had certain prevention effects on the both pathogens.The protection effects of different plant extracts in the field show that when the mass ratio of Syzygium aromaticum extracts,Scutellaria altissima extracts and tea saponin was 1：1：1,the protection effects achieved about 80% and the rate of diseased fruits decreased about 60%.