窄分布醇醚合成用催化剂的筛选与催化作用分析

Catalysts Selection for the Preparation of Glycol Ethers with Narrow Range Molecular Weight Distribution

讨论了酸、碱催化剂对窄分布醇醚合成反应的催化性能。从反应物转化率、醇醚产物选择性和醇醚分子量分布窄度几个方面综合考察了酸、碱类催化剂的优缺点，发现酸性催化剂的催化活性普遍较高，均在９５％以上，产物分子量分布较窄，ｎ＜５的产物占醇醚产物总质量的８５％左右，但生成的非醇醚类产物杂质较多，占反应产物质量的１４％以上；碱性催化剂的催化活性不一，其中活性较高的固体碱类镁铝复合金属氧化物（ＬＤＯ）与酸性催化剂活性相当，达９９．９％，且其产物纯净，非醇醚类产物仅占反应产物质量的１．２％，其醇醚产物分子量分布虽然宽于酸性催化剂，ｎ＜５的醇醚占醇醚产物质量的７７．２％，但明显窄于工业上普遍应用的均相催化剂ＫＯＨ（６６．８％），是较有发展前景的催化剂。

The catalytic properties of acidic and basic catalysts for the reaction of ethanol and propylene oxide to synthesize glycol ethers with a narrow range molecular weight distribution have been discussed.The merits and deficiencies of catalysts have been compared by means of reactant conversion,selectivity for glycol ethers and glycol ether molecular weight distribution.The analysis of catalytic properties showed that solid base catalysts of the Layered Double Oxides(LDO) type,which have high activity and selectivity,are promising catalysts for the target reaction.