新疆吉木乃红旗水库浮游植物多样性研究

Phytoplankton Diversity of Hongqi Reservoir in Jimunai

红旗水库位于新疆阿勒泰地区吉木乃县,为了解其浮游植物生态现状,于2008年7月(平水期)、10月(枯水期)和次年5月(丰水期)对红旗水库浮游植物群落生态特征进行了研究。共采集浮游植物8门113种,其中硅藻门42种,绿藻门38种,裸藻门10种,蓝藻门9种,金藻门5种,黄藻门4种,甲藻门3种,隐藻门2种,在种类组成上具有显著优势的是绿藻门与硅藻门的种类。其中优势种为点状平裂藻、小席藻、拟气球藻、广源小环藻、小球藻、拟菱形弓形藻和针形纤维藻。不同时期浮游植物种类组成呈现显著差异(P<0.01),丰水期57种,平水期42种,枯水期31种。不同门类间的浮游植物细胞密度差异极显著(P<0.001),绿藻门种类细胞密度最大,甲藻门和隐藻门的则为最低。不同时期细胞密度差异亦显著(P<0.01),平水期为(5.03±6.40)×105 ind/L、丰水期为(2.40±4.98)×105 ind/L和枯水期为(0.37±0.42)×105 ind/L。吉木乃地区特殊的水文特征,尤其是水温对红旗水库浮游植物的种类组成、细胞密度和多样性指数的影响最突出。

Hongqi Reservoir is supplied with snow melt.It locates in Jimunai,Xinjiang.Phytoplankton community structure was investigated and analyzed to explain the ecological characters of Hongqi Reservoir on July 2008,October 2008 and May 2009.A total of 113 phytoplankton species,belonging to 8 phylum were identified.There were 42 species of diatom,38 species of green algae,10 species of euglenids,9 species of blue green algae,4 species of yellow green algae,4 species of chrysophyceae,3 species of fire algae,2 species of cryptomonads.Green algae and diatoms was dominance in the species composition.Merismopedia punctata,Phormidium tenus,Botrydiopsis arhiza,Cyclotella bodanica,Chlorella vulgaris,Schroederia nitzschioides as well as Ankistrodesmus acicularis are the dominant species.Phytoplankton species composition in different periods showed significant differences（P0.01）,the wet season（57 species）the normal-water season（42 species）the dry season（31 species）.Chlorophyta has the largest cell density,but Pyrrophyta and Cryptophyta were the lowest.And cell density between different categories of phytoplankton was significantly difference（P0.001）.The cell density in different periods was also significant difference（P0.01）,the cell density of the normal-water season was（5.03±6.40）×105 ind/L,the wet season was（2.40±4.98）×105 ind/L,the dry season was（0.37±0.42）×105 ind/L.Moreover,that the phytoplankton composition,cell density and diversity were closely related to the water temperature of Hongqi Reservoir.