存在主义文学的反证式形态:对50-70年代文学的另一种解读

On the Counterevidence Forms of Existentialism Literature:A Different Interpretation of 1950s～1970s Literature

存在主义作为20世纪中国文学的一种世纪性思潮已被学界所初识。借助阿多尔诺的"否定辩证法"观之,50—70年代中国文学其实是存在主义文学的反证式形态。这种反证式形态首先体现在艺术哲学理念上理性主义对非理性主义的否定;其二是审美思维方式上呈现为文学反映论与主体间性写作之分;其三是历史诗学上的乐观主义精神与悲观主义倾向的差异;其四在创作的人文价值立场上或人道主义话语内涵上两者亦表现出双向悖反的张力结构:群体共在世相的再现/个体此在本相的敞开,现世建构意识/现实批判理性。

As a historic trend of thought in Chinese literature of the 20th century,existentialism has been initially recognized.With the help of Adorno＇s＂Negative Dialectics＂,it should be argued that the Chinese literature from 1950s to 1970s was a counterevidence form of existentialist literature.First,it is manifested in the negation of rationalism against irrationalism in arts philosophy;second,the distinction between literary theory of reflection an inter-subjectivity writing in aesthetic thinking;third,the divergence of optimism and pessimism in historical poetics;fourth,the tensile structure of bi-directional antinomies manifested in terms of cultural value standpoint：representation of the group in objectivity/the individual＇s openness in inwardness,secular constructionist awareness/realist critical rationality.