20世纪五、六十年代水利建设运动中的女性——以福建省惠安县惠女水库为例

Women in Water Construction Movements in the 1950s and 60s:Hui Women Reservoir in Hui'an County,Fujian Province

20世纪五、六十年代中国大地掀起一股水利建设热潮,众多女性参与其中。福建惠安的"惠女水库"便是由当地女性民工建成的,因此颇受社会关注。在"惠女水库"的建设过程中,女性被动员起来,并通过劳动竞赛、表彰模范等形式,重塑女性形象,表达"女性解放""、男女平等"的理想。然而,这种女性解放并非源自女性自觉,亦存在将女性问题等同于阶级问题的误解,同时表现出让女性简单模仿男性的现象。这种做法尽管在当时有其政治合理性,但缺少对女性本身的关注,同时也使两性平等的实现方式简单化。

Many women participated in the water construction movements in the 1950s and 60s.＂Hui Women＇s Reservoir＂ that was built by women construction workers drafted among nearby villages attracted wide public attention.Throughout the construction of the ＂Hui Women＇s Reservoir＂ women were mobilized to achieve titles as model workers and to win awards in contests for best work performance achievers and motivated to adopt a new women＇s image with aspirations for ＂women＇s liberation＂ and ＂equality between men and women.＂ However,this notion of women＇s liberation did not come from women and also was based on a misunderstanding of women＇s issues equal to class issues and an inspiration for women to follow men＇s images.Although this way of thinking was suited to the political climate at the time,it lacked due attention to women as an entity and minimized the goal of achieving equality between men and women.