Rh（D）阴性血型病人剖宫产术中成分式自体输血的安全性

Safety of autologous blood component transfusion during cesarean section in patients with Rh（D）-negative blood group

目的 评价Rh（D）阴性血型病人剖宫产术中成分式自体输血的安全性.方法 拟行剖宫产术的Rh（D）阴性血型病人30例,年龄20～35岁,体重50～80 kg,ASA分级Ⅰ或Ⅱ级.静脉输注乳酸钠林格氏液7 ml/kg后经桡动脉采血,采血速率60～80 ml/min,采血同时静脉输注与采血等速率的6%羟乙基淀粉130/0.4.采集的自体血经2个循环的直接法分离为富含血小板血浆、贫血小板血浆和浓缩红细胞,每个循环以分离出红细胞后15 s时停止采血.出血量≥全身血容量的20%时立即回输自体血;出血量〈全身血容量20%者,在缝合子宫后回输,依次回输富含血小板血浆、输贫血小板血浆和输浓缩红细胞.监测母体生命体征指标和胎儿心率.记录自体血采集过程中低血压和心动过速的发生情况.分别于采血前（基础状态）、采血结束时、自体血回输前和术后24 h时采集外周静脉血样,测定Hb、Hct、Plt、PT、APTT、INR和Fib.胎儿娩出后采集脐动脉血样,进行血气分析.于胎儿娩出后1、5min时行Apgar评分.记录术中出血量和异体输血情况.结果 自体血采集过程中未见低血压和心动过速的发生,胎儿HR维持在正常范围.与基础状态比较,其他时点SpO2、Hb、Hct、Plt、PT、APTT、INR和Fib差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.脐动脉血pH值、BE和乳酸浓度均在正常范围内.胎儿娩出后1、5 min时Apgar评分分别为（9.0±0.8）、（9.2±0.8）分;术中出血量（405±28）ml,所有病人未输注异体血.结论 Rh（D）阴性血型病人剖宫产术中成分式自体输血的安全性良好.

Objective To investigate the safety of autologous blood component transfusion during cesarean section in patients with Rh （D）-negative blood group.Methods Thirty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of Rh （D）-negative blood group, aged 20-35 yr, weighing 50-80 kg, undergoing elective cesarean section, were enrolled in this study.After lactated Ringer＇ s solution 7 ml/kg was infused, blood was obtained from radial artery at a rate of 60-80ml/min, and blood volume was maintained by simultaneous infusion of 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 at the same rate. The collected blood was subjected to two cycles of autologous blood component separation. Blood collecting during each cycle was stopped 15 s after red blood cells were separated. The autologous blood was infused when the blood loss≥20% of blood volume. The autologous blood was infused after suture of the uterus when the blood loss 〈 20% of blood volume. The parameters of maternal vital signs and fetal heart rate were monitored. Hypotension and tachycardia were recorded during autologous blood collecting. SpO2 was monitored routinely. Venous blood samples were taken before blood collecting （baseline）, at the end of blood collecting, before autologous blood transfusion, 24 h after operation for determination of Hb, Hct, Plt, PT, APTT, INR and Fib. Umbilical arterial blood samples were obtained after delivery for blood gas analysis. Apgar score was recorded at 1 and 5 min after birth. Blood loss and allogeneic blood transfusion were also recorded. Results No hypotension and tachycardia occurred during the process of blood collecting and the fetal heart rate was within the normal range. Compared with the baseline value, there were no significant differences in SpO2 , Hb, Hct, Plt, PT, APTT, INR and FIB value at the other time points. The pH value and concentrations of base excess and lactate were within the normal range.The Apgar score was （9.0 ±0.8） and （9.2 ± 0.8） at 1 and 5 min after birth respectively. The blood loss during operation was （405 ± 28） ml and no patients received homologous blood transfusion. Conclusion The safety of autologous blood component transfusion is good during cesarean section in Rh （D）-negative blood group patients.