流动儿童疫苗接种率影响因素Logistic回归分析

Logistic Regression Analysis of Influencing Factors on Immunization Coverage Rate of Floating Children

目的了解南通市砖窑厂儿童免疫规划的接种率,评价其计划免疫工作的实施现状,并探讨和分析影响儿童免疫接种的主要因素。方法通过整群抽样的方法,自行设计调查表,对197名砖窑厂流动儿童家长进行问卷调查儿童的免疫接种率及其影响因素。结果 197名儿童建卡率、建证率分别为91.88%、97.97%,卡介苗(BCG)、脊髓灰质炎三次(OPV3)、百白破三次(DPT3)、麻疹(MV)、乙肝全程(HepB3)接种率分别为59.17%、59.17%、56.80%、84.62%、54.44%,儿童"五苗"全程接种率为49.70%。非条件Logistic逐步回归显示,调查儿童居住时间(OR=1.387)、出生地点(OR=0.414)、能否说出预防针名称(OR=1.351)和所属接种单位开诊周期(OR=0.501)是影响"五苗"全程免疫接种率的主要因素。结论提高砖窑厂流动儿童的计划免疫接种率关键在于进一步完善和加强儿童计划免疫工作的科学管理,提高儿童家长对计划免疫知识的掌握程度,提高计划免疫接种部门的服务质量。

Objective To investigate the immunization coverage of children in brick kiln factories of Nantong City,to evaluate the current status of its implementation,and to analyze the main factors that influence the coverage of children immunization. Methods Using a random cluster sampling method,197 parents of floating children of brick kiln factories were surveyed with a self-designed questionnaire.The immunization coverage of children and the influencing factors were investigated. Results The rates of establishing cards and certificates were 91.88% and 97.97%,respectively.The immunization coverage rates of BCG,OPV3,DPT3,MV,and HepB3 were 59.17%,59.17%,56.80%,84.62%,and 54.44%,respectively.The coverage rate of five vaccines was 49.70%.Stepwise Logistic regression analysis displayed that the factors which affected the coverage rate of five vaccines were children＇s residence time（OR=1.387）,birth place（OR=0.425）,whether to say vaccine name（OR=1.351） and practice period of inoculation clinic（OR=0.501）. Conclusions The key points of improving the coverage rate of vaccines among the floating children of brick kiln factories are as follows： further improving and strengthening the scientific management of EPI,increasing the awareness rate of EPI-related knowledge among the parents,and improving the service quality of inoculation department.