株洲市1～15岁儿童乙型病毒性肝炎抗体水平

Level of Anti-HBs Among Children Aged Between 1 and 15 Years in Zhuzhou

目的了解株洲市1~15岁儿童抗-HBs水平,评价儿童乙肝疫苗预防接种效果。方法用单纯随机抽样方法抽取1~15岁儿童288人,调查既往乙肝疫苗免疫史,每人抽静脉血检测乙肝抗-HBs。分析各年龄段乙肝免疫史与抗体滴度均数、抗-HBs阳性率的关系。结果 288名1~15岁儿童乙肝抗-HBs阳性率为74.31%,有免疫史人群抗-HBs阳性率明显高于无免疫史人群（P〈0.01）;1~岁、6~15岁年龄组抗-HBs阳性率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,抗体滴度均数差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;1~15岁儿童乙肝全程接种率为87.15%,其中1~岁为87.22%,6~15岁为87.04%。结论株洲市1~15岁儿童乙肝全程接种率高,儿童乙肝保护性抗体（抗-HBs）亦处于较高水平,但应在进一步提高乙肝疫苗接种率和首针及时接种率同时,探索适合低/无应答人群的免疫策略,以提高人群免疫水平。

Objective To investigate the level of anti-HBs in children aged between 1 and 5 years,and to evaluate the effect of HBV vaccine in these children. Methods With the simple random sampling method,228 children aged 1～15 years were selected to survey their histories of hepatitis B vaccine inoculation.Their venous blood samples were collected to test anti-HBs antibodies.The correlation between the histories of hepatitis B vaccine inoculation and the average antibody titer,the anti-HBs positive rate in different age-groups was analyzed. Results Among the 288 children,the prevalence rate of HBsAb was 74.31%.The anti-HBs positive rate of children with histories of hepatitis B vaccine inoculation was significantly higher than that of children without the histories（P0.01）.There were statistically significant differences in the anti-HBs positive rate between the 1～ age group and the 6～15 age group（P0.05）,but no statistically significant difference was found in the average antibody titer between the two groups（P0.05）.The full course vaccination rate of children aged between 1 and 15 years was 87.15%,the rates of the 1～ age group and the 6～15 age group were 87.22% and 87.04%,respectively. Conclusions The full course vaccination rate and the level of anti-HBs of children aged between 1 and 15 years in Zhuzhou are both high.But it is still necessary to further improve hepatitis B vaccine inoculation rate and the timely first dose injection rate,as well as to explore the suitable immune strategies for the low/non-response population so as to improve the immunity level of the population.