长江口中华鲟幼鱼主要饵料生物体内重金属Cu、Cd和Hg的积累与评价

Accumulation and evaluation of heavy metals Cu,Cd and Hg in prey species of juvenile Chinese sturgeons(Acipenser Sinensis) in the Yangtze River estuary,China

为评价重金属污染对长江口中华鲟幼鱼生长的影响,在长江口水域采集了日本沼虾(Macrobraohium nipponense)、中国毛虾(Acetes chinensis)、狼牙鳗虾虎鱼(Taenioides rubicundus)、矛尾虾虎鱼(Chaeturichthys stigmatias)、窄体舌鳎(Cynoglossus gracilis)等5种中华鲟幼鱼重要饵料生物,研究了Cu、Cd、Hg3种重金属元素在这些饵料生物体内的积累特征,评价了饵料生物受重金属污染的程度。结果显示,虾类Cu的单项污染指数(Pi)均大于0.5,鱼类Cu的Pi均小于0.5;5种饵料生物Cd和Hg的Pi均大于1。表明它们均不同程度受到重金属污染,虾类的重金属污染程度比鱼类严重。与历史资料比较发现,长江口鱼虾的重金属污染存在加重趋势,重金属污染已对洄游入海的中华鲟幼鱼构成威胁。

In order to discuss the different biological absorption of Cu,Cd and Hg,and evaluate them in food organisms for juvenile Acipenser Sinensis in Yangtze estuary,Macrobraohium nipponense,Acetes chinensis,Taenioides rubicundus,Chaeturichthys stigmatias and Cynoglossus gracilis were collected and analyzed.Results showed that,individual pollution index（Pi） of Cu in shrimps was less than 0.5,Pi of Cu in fish was more than 0.5,and Pi of Cd and Hg in all selected prey species were more than 1.This indicated that the 5 selected prey species for juvenile Acipenser Sinensis were all contaminated by heavy metals to different extent.The shrimps were contaminated more seriouslly than fish.Compared with the historical data,the heavy metal pollution of fish in Yangtze estuary showed aggravating trend.Heavy metal pollution has been threatening juvenile Chinese sturgeon which migrate to sea via Yangtze estuary.