植物种子共轭亚麻酸含量分析

Analysis of conjugated linolenic acid from plant seeds

以栝楼、3个石榴品种（三白玉、青皮软籽和甜绿子）和6个苦瓜品种（长白、满优青、槟城一号、开化白苦瓜一号、开化白苦瓜二号和青丰）的种子为材料分析其脂质组成和共轭亚麻酸含量.结果表明：所分析的植物种子脂质组成中最主要的为甘油三酯,其质量分数在92.6%到97.0%之间;栝楼籽油主要的脂肪酸为油酸（22.6%）、亚油酸（32.6%）和石榴酸（32.6%）,而总的共轭亚麻酸（conjugated linolenic acid,CLNA）质量分数为36.9%;石榴籽中石榴酸质量分数高达73.4%-77.5%,总的CLNA质量分数达83.4%-87.9%;苦瓜籽α-桐酸质量分数高达56.0%-63.7%,总的CLNA质量分数达65.2%-71.9%.研究结果表明这些植物种子富含CLNA,其中栝楼籽和石榴籽中主要的CLNA为石榴酸,而苦瓜籽中主要的CLNA为α-桐酸.

The objective was to determine the lipid classes and conjugated linolenic acid（CLNA） contents in Trichosanthes kirilowii,pomegranate and bitter melon seed oils from China.Three pomegranate cultivars（Sanbaiyu,Qingpiruanzi and Tianlüzi） and six bitter melon cultivars（Changbai,Manyouqing,Bingchengyihao,Kaihua-1,Kaihua-2 and Qingfeng） were chosen for analysis.The predominant lipid was triacylglycerol in the analyzed samples ranging from 92.6% to 97.0%.The major fatty acids were oleic acid（22.6%,18：1）,linoleic acid（32.6%,18：2n-6） and punicic acid（32.6%,c9,t11,c13-18：3） in T.kirilowii seed oil.The total CLNA was 36.9% in T.kirilowii seed oil.Punicic acid was the most predominant fatty acid,ranging from 73.4% to 77.5% and the total CLNA ranged from 83.4% to 87.9% in the seed oils of pomegranate cultivars.The total CLNA ranged from 65.2% to 71.9%,and α-eleostearic acid（c9,t11,t13-18：3） was predominant one,account from 56.0% to 63.7% in bitter melon seed oils.T.kirilowii,pomegranate and bitter melon were rich in CLNA,however,main CLNA in T.kirilowii and pomegranate was punicic acid,and one in bitter melon was α-eleostearic acid.Natural resources containing CLNA,especially edible T.kirilowii seed,could be a potential dietary source of CLA,following CLNA metabolism.