中国农村收入不平等与经济增长——基于SVAR模型的实证研究

Income Inequality and Economic Growth in Rural China:An Empirical Analysis Based on SVAR Model

运用SVAR模型分析我国农村居民收入增长与不平等之间的关系,可以发现,农村经济增长能够降低收入分配的不平等程度,而收入分配的不平等是农村经济增长的一个原因。脉冲响应函数显示,不平等有利于人力资本水平和投资的提高,但不平等本身会引起更大的不平等。农村经济发展的涓滴效应比较微弱,一个重要的原因是收入增长导致了投资的流出。方差分解显示,不平等对经济长期增长的作用超过了人力资本和投资的作用,不平等是影响我国农村经济长期增长的最主要因素;收入增长对收入差距扩大存在自动的制衡作用,这降低了农村地区不平等增长的速度。

Our analysis based on the SVAR model of the relationship between the growth and inequality of income in rural China shows that the economic growth can reduce the inequality in income distribution, which is actually a cause of economic growth in rural areas. The IRFs suggest that inequality is conducive to the increase of human capital and investment but it can also cause greater inequality. The rural economic development itself demonstrates a weak trickle-down effect, which is mainly caused by investment outflow due to economic growth. Variance decompositions suggest that in the long run inequality exerts greater influence on economic growth than human capital and investment do. Income growth plays a role of check and balance automatically on income disparities, thus reducing the growth speed of inequality in rural regions.