轮胎花纹噪声的发声机理

Sound Generating Mechanism of Tire Tread Pattern○s Noise

从声学理论和实验两方面对轮胎花纹噪声的发声机理进行了深入分析研究,得出花纹块的拍打撞击声、花纹沟的泵浦噪声、光面胎沙声及沟内气柱共鸣声是轮胎花纹噪声的主要噪声源。轮胎接地区域前沿、中央和后沿区由于各种因素产生振动所激发的辐射噪声强度以前沿区为最强,中央区次之,后沿区最小。在综合分析的基础上提出两条经验法则:一是轮胎花纹块的撞击声谱只和它的面积有关而与它的形状无关;另一条是花纹沟的泵浦噪声谱只和花纹沟的长度、宽度和走向有关,与它的深度基本无关。

The sound generating mechanisms ofthetire tread pattern○s noise were investigated based ontheacoustictheory andtheexperiment.It wasfoundthatthe patandimpactsoundfrom the tread blocks,the pump noisefrom the grooves,theswish soundfrom thesmooth tread andtheaircol umn resonancefrom thegrooves werethe main noiseresources;the noiseradiationenergybythevibra tioninthefrontground contactarea wasthe moststrong,thatinthe centralground contactarea was the medium ,andthatin the back ground contactarea wastheleast.The two experienced rules were proposed basedonthecomprehensiveanalysis:a)theimpactsoundspectrum ofthetread blocks wason ly relativetotheirarea,butnottotheirshape;and b)thepumpsoundspectrum ofthegrooves wasonly totheirlength ,width and direction,but nottotheirdepth.Some noise generating mechanismsin dis pute werereviewed.