初次分配的要素投入结构视角研究

An analysis of the input structure of factors in initial distribution

初次分配决定于生产要素价格和生产要素投入即资本有机构成。技术进步一般导致技术发明部门资本有机构成下降而权数提高、技术应用部门资本有机构成提高而权数下降,由此导致全社会资本有机构成变化。若满足资本配置条件和劳动配置条件,则技术进步导致全社会资本有机构成提高,否则不一定。技术进步对全社会资本有机构成的影响具有阶段性:在初级阶段,技术进步导致资本有机构成提高;在中级阶段,有机构成不变;在高级阶段,有机构成下降。劳动报酬在初次分配中比重通过全社会资本有机构成下降而提高的关键是技术发明部门的极大发展,而这归根到底又取决于教育和科研的极大发展。

Initial distribution is determined by the price and input of essential factors of production,and the latter is also referred to as organic composition of capital.Generally speaking,technological advances decrease the organic composition of capital in technological invention sector but increase its weights,while raise the organic composition of capital in technology applications sector but lower its weights.The technological advances can cause the increase of organic composition of capital in the whole society if the conditions for capital and labor allocation are met;otherwise,they cannot.The impact of technological advances on the organic composition of capital in whole society has three stages: the organic composition of capital increases in the initial stage,remains the same in the intermediate stage and declines in the advanced stage.The key to an increase in labor compensation share in the initial distribution through the decline in organic composition of capital is the remarkable development of the technological inventions sector,which in essence depends on the great development of education and academic research.