肉牛早期断奶试验研究

Early Weaning Experimental Research on Beef Cattle

[目的]旨在研究早期断奶技术对不同品种肉用犊牛生长发育的影响,[方法]本试验在草原牧区应用犊牛代乳料产品开展了不同品种犊牛的早期断奶工作,[结果]表明:安杂牛、新褐杂牛、荷斯坦牛三组间日增重差异不显著(P>0.05),安杂组增重成本8.25元/kg,新褐杂增重成本组9.27元/kg,荷斯坦组增重成本9.62元/kg,但安杂组的效益略好,荷斯坦组效益略差。在骨骼的生长发育上,从累计增长的效果来看,安杂牛同比相同阶段龄的新褐杂牛与荷斯坦牛,组间体直长与体斜长变化差异极显著(P<0.01)。[结论]本试验方案下,犊牛早期断奶成本低,效果好,安杂牛较新褐杂牛与荷斯坦牛相比,生长发育快,增重效果好,建议在牧区推广使用犊牛代乳料的犊牛早期断奶技术,提高对肉用品种犊牛的培育效果。

【Objective】To study the influence of early weaning technology on the growth of calves from different cattle breeds.【Method】This experiment was carried out in prairie areas and milk replace products were applied to the early weaned calves of different breeds.【Result】The difference of daily weight gain of Angus crossbreed,Holstein and Xinjiang Brown cattle crossbreed was not significant（P〉0.05） in early weaning stage.The cost of weight gain of Angus crossbreed was 8.25 yuan per kg,while that of Holstein was 9.62 yuan per kg,Xinjiang Brown crossbreed was 8.25 yuan per kg.But the benefit of Angus crossbreed was slightly better,that of Holstein was slightly worse.On the growth and development in the bone,the change of body length and body length straight of Angus was higher than Xinjiang Brown crossbreed and Holstein cattle at the same age from the cumulative growth effects（P〈0.01）.【Conclusion】From this experiment,the cost of calves for early weaning was low,but the effect was better.Compared with Holstein and Xinjiang Brown crossbreed,Angus crossbreed grew faster and got better weight gain effect.So it was proposed to use milk replace and early weaned calves technologies and to improve the cultivating effect of beef calves in pastoral areas.