利用青海某铅锌矿尾矿制作轻质免烧砖的工艺研究

Research on Technics of Lightweight Baking-Free Brick made of Lead-Zinc Ore Tailings from Qinghai Province

对青海某铅锌矿选别尾矿的化学成分、矿物组成及相对含量、粒度及其分布进行测试分析表明，该尾矿的矿物组成主要是石英、方解石、黄铁矿及绿泥石，粒度集中分布在20日～140目。以该尾矿作骨料，适量水泥作胶结科，石灰作激发剂，分别加入混凝土发泡剂和废弃聚苯泡沫粒作预孔剂。通过浇注、捣打成型、养护等工艺制备了轻质免烧砖。研究了不同原料配比和养护条件下制品容重和抗压强度争性能。当尾矿用量达70％～80％时，制品干燥容重仅为页岩实心砖的2／3，抗压强度最高可达到9．3MPa，适用于建筑物承重和非承重填充砌块，属低能耗环保型墙体材料。

The chemical composition, mineral composition and particle size distribution of Lead-Zinc Ore tailings from Qinghai province were analyzed, the results showed that mainly minerals were quartz, calcite, pyrite and chlorite, and the particle size distribution concentrate from 20 meshes to 140 meshes. Using the Lead-Zinc Ore railings as aggregate, appropriate amount of cement as binders, lime as activator, accede to vesicant and waste polystyrene foam particles as pre-hole agent, respectively. Adopt to Molding technics of the casting and ramming, lightweight bakingfree brick was prepared. And the unit weight and compressive strength of the lightweight baking-free brick prepared by different ratio of raw material and maintenance condition were measured. The results showed the dry bulk unit weight of lightweight baking-free brick was only as much as 2/3 of solid shale brick, but the compressive strength was up to 9.3MPa when the mass percent of copper mine tailings was 70% to 80%. And the results also showed the lightweight baking-free brick was applicable to used as load or non-load bearing fill-up block masonry, and also was a kind of low-energy and environmentally friendly walling material.