试论建国初期会道门渐趋消亡的原因——以安徽为例

On the Reasons for the Dying out of the Superstitious Sects and Secret Societies in the Early Years of New China——Taking Anhui Province as an Example

解放前的安徽乡村社会,会道门种类繁多,基础雄厚。建国初期,安徽地方政权通过大规模的取缔会道门运动瓦解了会道门的组织体系。会道门具有极强的再生功能,在取缔会道门以后,新政权通过加强乡村社会控制、革新乡村社会组织、改造乡村游民阶层、重塑乡村社会信仰等方式,重构了安徽乡村社会。乡村社会的重构,遏制了会道门的再生和发展,使取缔后的会道门组织未能再次复兴而渐趋消亡。

Before liberation,in rural areas of Anhui province there were various kinds of superstitious sects and secret societies which had solid foundation.In the early years of new China,the local authorities disorganized the superstitious sects and secret societies through banning their movements.The new regime reconstructed the rural society in Anhui through strengthening control over the rural society,innovating rural social organizations,transforming rural homeless,remodeling rural social beliefs.The reconstruction of the rural society restrained the regeneration and development of the superstitious sects and secret societies,and made them begin to die out gradually.