酯交换法合成DONTP增塑剂的研究

On Synthesizing DONTP Plasticizer by Ester Exchange

以对苯二甲酸二甲酯（ Ｄ Ｍ Ｔ） 、辛醇、丁醇等低分子质量脂肪醇为原料，采用酯交换法合成出 Ｄ Ｏ Ｎ Ｔ Ｐ（ 对苯二甲酸辛醇丁醇酯） 等增塑剂品种，并就合成工艺条件、催化剂种类等因素对增塑剂性能影响进行了讨论。同时，把合成出的增塑剂与 Ｄ Ｏ Ｐ（ 邻苯二甲酸二辛酯） 在 Ｐ Ｖ Ｃ（ 聚氯乙烯） 增塑中进行比较，对各试样的物理机械性能及电性能进行测试分 析。研究 表明： 控制酯交换反应温度为１６０ ～１８０ ℃， Ｄ Ｍ Ｔ 与二元醇的投料摩尔比为１ ：（２ ．０ ～３ ．０） ，既可避免二元醇的被夹带损失，又可保证较高的反应速率，酯交换率可达到９８ ％ 以上；选择有机锡类复合催化剂，催化效率高，反应速度快， Ｄ Ｏ Ｎ Ｔ Ｐ 收率可达９９ ．５ ％ ，酸值低（ ＜ ０ ．５） ，产品色泽好。该类增塑剂的综合性能赶上或超过了 Ｄ Ｏ Ｐ，是 Ｐ Ｖ Ｃ 一种较理想的主增塑剂。

This paper discussed the synthesis of different plasticizers of DONTP by using DMT,octyl alcohol,octanol,low molecular weight emtrol and others as raw materials. And the effect of process and catalysts on plasticizers was also discussed. The plasticizer synthesized was compared with DOP in PVC plasticizing.The samples were examined to test their physical properties and electric performances. The result showed that not only the tuss of diol which was taken can be avoided but also the higher reaction rate can be guaranteed and the ester interchange efficency can be more than 98% when the temperature of ester interchange was controlled at 160～180℃ and the mole ratio of DMT to diol was 1:(2.0～3.0). The catalyst efficiency was high, the reaction rate was rapid, the product gains can be 99.5% and the acid value was low (less than 0.5), the product brightness was well when the organist tin composite catalyst was selected. The experiment show that the DONTP is an ideal plasticizer for PVC,whose general performances are better than those of DOP.