院前静脉留置针易发生并发症的原因分析及对策

Pre-hospital intravenous catheters prone to complications：the Reasons and Countermeasures

目的：了解院前静脉留置针易发生并发症的原因,探讨降低并发症发生率,减轻病人痛苦的对策.方法：将180例在院前急救中使用静脉留置针的病员并发症发生情况进行统计.分析其发生并发症的原因及与时间的关系.结果：留置针留置时间不足3天便发生液体外渗、液体滴入不畅等并发症者67例,发生率为37%,且与时间成正比例关系.结论：院前静脉留置针易发生并发症的原因与院前穿刺环境污染严重、穿刺部位高菌落数,留置针固定不佳及途中保护困难有关.对策是强化工作人员无菌观念,加强救护车消毒管理,缩短院前静脉留置针的保留时间.

Objectives： to study the reasons that pre--hospital intravenous catheters prone to complications,and to explore its countermeasures. Methods： Record complications happened in 180 first aid cases who accepted intravenous catheters, analyze their causes and their relationships between time. Results： It was 67 cases with intravenous catheters that complications happened during 3 days ,such as Liquid leakage ,poor liquid drops the rate was 37 %~and complications proportional to time. Conclusion： The reasons that pre--hospital intravenous catheters prone to complications were Puncture site seriously polluted, high bacteria load, intravenous catheters were poorly fixed and difficult to protect. Countermeasures were strengthen the sterile concept of staffs,strengthen disinfection management of ambulances, shortening the time of pre--hospital intravenous catheters retaining.