新疆玛纳斯古近纪—新的鲤科鱼类

A NEW CYPRINID FISH FROM PALEOGENE OF NORTHERN XINJIANG,CHINA

记述了新疆玛纳斯古近纪安集海河组发现的鲤科(Cyprinidae)一新属、种——刘氏天山鱼(Tianshanicus liui gen.et sp.nov.)。新属具有臀鳍分叉鳍条多于7根、体长形稍侧扁、口端位、下咽齿近锥形而齿尖前后略侧扁、背鳍和臀鳍均无硬棘、背鳍起点略在腹鳍起点之后以及尾鳍深分叉等特征,表明它应属于雅罗鱼亚科(Leuciscinae sensu Cavender & Coburn,1992)。然而,它又具有额骨前宽后窄、顶骨长方形、膜质蝶耳骨很大、齿骨冠状突较低、鳃盖骨近长方形等特征而有别于本亚科中其他属。值得注意的是,这些特征却见诸于现生的胭脂鱼类Myxocyprinus中,这将对研究雅罗鱼类的起源很有意义。根据鱼化石和哺乳化石的证据,认为含鱼层的时代为晚始新世。

The fossil cypriniform fishes described here were collected from the Anjihaihe Formation （Paleogene） in the Manas County in northern Xinjiang, and referred to a new genus and spe- cies, Tianshanicus liui, of the family Cyprinidae. This new genus shows typical characters of the subfamily Leuciscinae, and is of great interest for studying the origin of the subfamily Leu- ciscinae. According to the nature of the fish-fauna and mammal fossils, the age of the fish-bear- ing beds is considered as late Eocene.