彩色多普勒超声对臂丛神经损伤定位的实验研究

The experimental study of the color Doppler ultrasound on the locational diagnosis for brachial plexus injury

目的：应用彩色多普勒超声观察臂丛神经损伤。方法：健康成年新西兰大耳白兔10只,设动物两侧自身对照,分为两组,各组10侧。应用SonoScape便携式彩超仪,探头频率9~13MHz,观察活体臂丛神经,记录神经刺激电位及解剖定位特征。左上肢暴露臂丛神经,制作臂丛神经开放性损伤模型,右侧取对侧同样部位脱毛后彩色多普勒超声探头置于体表,依据解剖结构分辨臂丛神经后在超声引导下行钳夹造成臂丛神经断裂,制作臂丛神经损伤闭合性损伤模型,观察造模前后超声影像学变化及组织病理学形态改变。结果：高频超声能够显示小于1mm兔臂丛神经,并依据彩色多普勒血流分布显示与之相伴行的血管关系,观察臂丛神经损伤后的断端及周围软组织改变,对臂丛神经损伤进行定位。结论：在超声引导下可制备兔臂丛神经闭合性损伤模型,为临床臂丛神经损伤的诊断和超声影像学评估的准确定位,提供良好的动物模型实验基础。

Objective：To observe the injury of the brachial plexus through color Doppler ultrasound.Methods：Healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were divided into two groups,with 10 in each group and set on two sides,and then the comparison was made.Afterwards,the living brachial plexus were observed and the features of the stimulated potential in nervous system and the anatomical localization were recorded through the portable Sono Scape color Doppler instrument,whose probe coil frequency was 9~13 MHz.The brachial plexus on the left-arm were exposed,which produced a model of open injury of the brachial plexus and the counterpart of the right arm was chosen and depilated.After the depilation,the color Doppler ultrasound probe was placed on the body surface.After the brachial plexus were distinguished on the basis of the anatomical structure,under the guidance of the ultrasound,the brachial plexus fracture was produced by clamping to make a blunt trauma mode of the brachial plexus injury and then the changes of the ultrasound imaging and tissue＇s pathology patterns before and after the modeling were observed.Results：High frequency ultrasound can display the rabbit brachial plexus smaller than 1mm,and display the concomitant vascular relationship on the basis of the blood flow distribution of the color Doppler.It can observe the changes of the vaginal cuff and the surrounding tissues after the brachial plexus injury and finally locate the brachial plexus injury.Conclusion：Under the guidance of the ultrasound,a model of open injury of the brachial plexus can be made,which can provide a good experimental basis of animal model for the clinical diagnosis of the brachial plexus injury and accurate location of the ultrasound imaging evaluation.