影响护理人员报告给药错误的相关因素分析

Factors influencing reporting of medication errors by nurses

目的描述护理人员给药错误的报告率;识别影响护理人员报告给药错误的因素。方法运用描述性研究设计,自制"影响护理人员报告给药错误的因素"问卷,共23个条目,CVI为0.84,Cronbach's α为0.83。运用方便抽样的方法,对210护理人员进行问卷调查。结果 22.4%的护理人员认为,给药错误的报告率在60%以下。护理人员报告给药错误的主要障碍是害怕报告后带来不良后果、害怕医生的责备、害怕患者及家属的反应。护士长对于给药错误的处理方式是报告给药错误的预测因子。结论鼓励护理人员报告给药错误的有效策略是营造不责备、无惩罚的工作环境,改进给药错误的报告流程和沟通方法,加强对护理人员有关意外事件报告流程及重要性的培训,建立一支能够发现和分析复杂系统问题的护理管理团队。

Objectives To investigate the reporting rate of medication errors by the nurses,and to identify the factors influencing reporting of medication errors by the nurses.Methods A total of 210 nurses were recruited by convenience sampling method.They were investigated with a 23-item self-designed questionnaire on the factors influencing reporting of medication errors.Results Totally 22.4 percent of respondents indicated that less than 60 percent of all medication errors were formally reported.The main barriers to reporting the medication errors were fearing adverse consequences,physician reprimand,patient＇s or family＇s negative responses.Head nurse＇s response to medication error was the main predictor of reporting.Conclusions Suggestions for development of organizational strategies to improve reporting of medication errors by nurses include establishing non-punitive organizational culture,improving the reporting process and communication means,providing the training related to the process and significance of reporting system,and developing a nursing management team that are expert at identifying and analyzing the complicated systematic problem.