学龄前儿童屈光不正性弱视矫正治疗后的疗效分析

Efficient analysis on corrective therapy for ametropic amblyopia in preschool children

目的探讨学龄前儿童弱视的屈光性质,并对其经矫正治疗后的疗效进行分析。方法对上海市松江区45所幼儿园的15400名儿童进行视力检查,对低于正常视力的2210名儿童进行视力、眼位、眼底、屈光检查,筛选出弱视儿童436名,对其进行扩瞳验光后给予配戴矫正镜片,并进行弱视训练治疗,同时辅以阶段性同视机治疗和家庭精细(作业)目力训练。定期复查,每年验光两次,酌情更换镜片。结果本区学龄期儿童弱视发生率为2.83%(436/15400),屈光不正性弱视中以远视类为主,弱视程度随屈光不正程度增高而增加。经治疗后,弱视基本治愈率为83.06%(603/726),进步者占14.60%(106/726),无效率为2.34%(17/726)。结论弱视可影响儿童的视觉质量及视觉发育,早发现、早治疗至关重要。

Objective To explore the types of ametropic amblyopia among preschool children and to analyze the effect of the corrective therapy.Methods A total of 2 210 preschool children with vision lower than the ordinary level were screened from 15 400 cases of 45 kindergartens in Shanghai Songjiang District.After examinations of visual acuity,position of gaze,fundus and refractive status,436 cases of amblyopia were found and the corrective spectacle lenses were worn after mydriasis optometry combining with amblyopia training,periodically synoptophore treatment and fine eyesight training.The children received periodic review and optometry twice per year for changing lenses.Results The incidence of amblyopia was 2.83%（436/15 400）in this study.Hyperopia amblyopia was the major type,and the degree of amblyopia was increased with the increase of ametropia degree.After corrective therapy,the cure rate was 83.06%（603/726）,availability rate was 14.60%（106/726）,and invalidation rate was 2.34%（17/726）,respectively.Conclusion Amblyopia affects children＇s vision quality and development.Therefore,it is vital to grasp the therapy opportunity during the early decline of visual acuity.