北京翠湖湿地公园建园初期的步甲多样性

Diversity of ground beetle (Coleoptera:Carabidae) at Cuihu,a newly-built urban wetland park in Beijing

为探讨城市湿地公园在城市化过程中对生物多样性的保育作用,于2006-2008年采用陷阱法调查了2002年北京新建的翠湖湿地公园内杨树林、柏树林、混合林、小檗丛和芦苇荡5种植被类型中的步甲多样性。共调查到步甲18属30种441头。步甲物种数和个体数均随建园时间的增加而呈现快速增加的趋势。在5种植被类型中,每种类型均有25%左右的步甲物种(3-4种)是其他类型中所未捕获的。杨树林中的步甲物种数和个体数最多,且随时间的增加幅度最大,趋势最明显。这些结果表明,城市湿地对步甲多样性具有一定的保育功能,可在一定程度上缓解城市化对步甲多样性的负面影响。根据上述结果,我们建议在城市湿地公园建设之初,可考虑先种杨树等植物;同时适当增加植被多样性,将有利于其步甲多样性保育功能的最大化。

To evaluate the potential role of an urban wetland park in conserving biodiversity during urbaniza-tion,we studied ground beetle （Carabidae） diversity using pitfall traps in five vegetation types,i.e.,poplar,cypress,mixed forest,barberry scrub,and reed beds,within a newly-built urban wetland park,Cuihu Wet-land Park in Beijing,for three years.A total of 441 individuals representing 30 species and 18 genera of ca-rabid beetles were captured.Carabid species richness and abundance both sharply increased with park age.For each of the five vegetation types,approximately 25% of their carabid species （3-4 species） were unique and were not detected in other types.Poplar forest exhibited the highest abundance and richness of carabid species and showed the strongest increasing trend through time.Our results suggested a significant role of urban wetland parks in the conservation of carabid beetle diversity in the process of urbanization.In order to maximize their conservation value,they should be revegetated by a diversity of plants while using poplars as pioneers.