我国城市化进程中被征地农民社会保障工作实践与思考

Practice and consideration on social security work for landless farmers during the process of urbanization in China

【目的】对我国城市化进程中被征地农民社会保障工作进行总结和分析,为稳步推进我国城市化进程和建设和谐社会提供参考。【方法】总结我国各省(区、市)失地农民社会保障工作的实践和经验,分析现行社会保障制度存在的问题,在此基础上提出完善我国城市化进程中失地农民社会保障工作的对策建议。【结果】主要存在保障水平低、农民参保积极性不高、将被征地农民纳入现有城镇社会保障体系仍存在一定难度、失地农民再就业难度大、失地农民社会保障制度缺乏具体操作细则、征地补偿标准偏低等问题。【建议】明确农村土地产权关系、完善征地程序、合理设定征地补偿内容和补偿水平、完善失地农民社会保障体系、完善资金管理模式、建立健全失地农民再就业培训机制、建立留地安置制度,以保证我国城市化进程的稳步推进。

[Objective]The present study was conducted to summarize and analyze the social security work for landless farmers during the process of urbanization in order to promote the urbanization in China stably and provide references for construction of harmonious society. [Method]Through summarizing and analyzing the social security work for landless farmers during the process of urbanization of various provinces/cities in China, the problems existing in the social security system for landless farmers were analyzed. Based on the analysis, the study recommended some strategies for improvement and perfection of social security work for landless farmers during the process of urbanization. [Result]The studies on the social security system and analysis of the data revealed the existence of following problems： low level of social security, low enthusiasm and some hesitation to participate in social security for farmers, difficulty in bringing all landless farmers into current urban social security system, difficulty in acquiring jobs for landless farmers, lack of specific rules or management practices to ensure the social security for landless farmers, low land requisition compensation standard, etc. [Suggestion]Some suggestions have made in order to promote the urbanization, which include definition of property right of rural land, amendments in land requisition procedures, reasonable land requisition compensation, improvement of social security system for landless farmers, better management of social security payments, establishment of retraining system for landless farmers to obtain jobs again, formulation of ‘leaving land for resettlement’ policy, etc.