西部乡村民族社区景区化的内涵及表征——以云南典型乡村民族社区为例

THE CONTENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE SCENIC AREA OF RURAL ETHNIC COMMUNITIES IN WESTERN CHINA——TAKE TYPICAL RURAL ETHNIC COMMUNITIES IN YUNNAN AS AN EXAMPLE

从旅游活动要素及其空间效应着眼,对"景区化"与"乡村民族社区景区化"的内涵进行了界定,把社区事象的景观化、经济功能的旅游化、组织管理的业缘化等视为"乡村民族社区景区化"的具体表征;认为乡村民族社区景区化的结果,必将导致乡村民族社区向旅游社区的演变,并对乡村民族旅游社区的内涵及其类型特征作了初步探讨,进而细分出名义在场型、从业参与型、景观资产型、混合平衡型4种类型。对云南曼听五寨、雨崩村、泸沽湖落水村和里格村进行实证研究的结果表明,除了曼听五寨属于名义在场型外,其余为从业参与型旅游社区。

Basing on factors and their spatial effect of tourism,this article defines the content of ＂Area of＂ and ＂the Scenic Area of Rural Ethnic Communities＂.And regards the scenic of community affairs,the tourism of economic functions,the industry margin of management etc.as the specific characterization of ＂the Scenic Area of Rural Ethnic Communities＂.It considers the results of the scenic area of rural ethnic communities will inevitably change the rural ethnic communities into tourism communities.This article preliminarily studies the content and the features of the rural ethnic tourism communities and further subdivides into the name presence type,practitioner participation type,landscape assets type and mixing balance type.Empirical studies on Manting five villages,Yubeng Village,Lushui Village and Lige Village in Yunnan suggest that Manting five villages belong to the name presence type and the rest belong to practitioner participation type.