6种猛禽消化系统的比较研究

Comparison on Digestive System of Six Species of Prey Bird

对6种猛禽(普通鵟Buteo buteo、毛脚鵟B·lagopus、红隼Falco tinnunculus、长耳鸮Asio otus、短耳鸮A·flammeus和鸮Bubo bubo)的消化系统形态结构进行了解剖测量和比较,以了解鸟类消化系统形态结构与食性的关系。结果显示,长耳鸮的消化管最长,是体长的2·08倍;鸮的消化管次之,是体长的2·0倍;红隼的消化管最短,是体长的1·14～1·21倍,表明猛禽消化道的形态特征与其食性关系并不大。红隼大肠比较发达是体长的0·22倍。隼形目猛禽具有嗉囊,而盲肠不发达,鸮形目嗉囊不发达,而具有相对发达的盲肠。长耳鸮的盲肠最发达,为体长的0·46倍;其十二指肠也是6种猛禽中最发达的,为体长的0·59倍。

In order to find the relationship of prey birds between digestive system structure and feeding habits,the morphological structures on digestive system of six species of raptors,i.e.,Buteo buteo,B.lagopus,Falco tinnunculus,Asio otus,A.flammeus and Bubo bubo,were measured and compared in detailed.The result shows that the morphological characters of alimentary canals of birds have little to do with its feeding habits.Asio otus has the longest digestive tube which is 2.08 times longer than its body length.The digestive tube of Bubo bubo comes second,2.0 times longer than its body length.Falco tinnunculus＇ digestive tube is the shortest,that is 1.14 to 1.21 times longer than its body length,but its relatively developed intestine is 0.22 time than its body length.Falconiformes raptor has craw and undeveloped caecum;Strigiformes raptor has undeveloped craw but developed caecum.Asio otus has highly developed caecum which is 0.46 times than its body length and duodenum which is 0.59 times longer than its body length.