ICP-AES法对不同施肥、生长年限秦艽宏量和微量元素的测定

Determination of Macroelements and Microelements in Gentiana macrophylla of Different Topdressing Fertilizer and Growth Time Treaments by ICP-AES

采用硝酸、高氯酸进行消解,用ICP-AES对秦艽中的宏量和微量元素含量进行了测定,比较了不同施肥处理与不同生长年限处理对植株内宏量和微量元素的影响。结果表明,不同施肥及生长年限处理秦艽所含宏量和微量元素含量不同,不同施肥处理与CK相比,施NPK混合肥最好,能够增加Fe、Mn、Zn、Na、Mg的含量,分别为18.5%、11.7%、10.5%、21.4%、11.7%,施P肥的效果最差,均降低了Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、K、Ca、Na、Mg、P 9种元素的含量,分别为27.6%、29.7%、12.5%、6.2%、28.2%、14.1%、16.4%、16.6%、2.2%;其他施肥措施差异不大。三年生相对两年生的秦艽来说,Zn、Cu、Ca、Na含量都有增加,分别为23.1%、24.5%、2.1%、7.7%;Fe、Mn、K、Mg含量都有减少,分别为6.8%、21.3%、16.2%、2.9%;P含量影响不大。因此,施肥及不同生长年限处理对秦艽宏量和微量元素有影响,为栽培因子对元素含量的影响提供了依据。

Macroelements and microelements of Gentiana macrophylla was determinated by ICP-AES with wet digestion and compared in different treaments of topdressing fertilizer and growth time.The results showed that the contents of macroelements and microelements was influenced by treaments of topd-ressing fertilizer and growth time.For the fertilizer treaments,the best way is topdressing NPK mixed fertilizer,the content of Fe,Mn,Zn,Na,Mg was respectively increased by 18.5%,11.7%,10.5%,21.4%,11.7%;the least way is topdressing P fertilizer,the content of Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn,K,Ca,Na,Mg,P was all decreased by 27.6%,29.7%,12.5%,6.2%,28.2%,14.1%,16.4%,16.6%,2.2%.Comparing to two-year-old Ge ntiana macrophylla,the content of Zn,Cu,Ca,Na elements of three-year-old was increased by 23.1%,24.5%,2.1%,7.7%;the content of Fe,Mn,K,Mg elements was decreased by 6.8%,21.3%,16.2%,2.9%.The treaments of topdressing fertilizer and growth time had great effect on content of elements,it provided basis for the influ ence of cultivation on content of elements.