北京地区急性生活性手外伤流行病学特点研究

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF ACUTE HAND INJURIES IN DAILY LIFE IN BEIJING AREA

目的通过分析手外伤患者就诊的临床资料,分析北京地区生活性手外伤的构成、分布特征及其影响因素。方法对2005年4月1日-9月30日北京积水潭医院急诊手外伤患者进行问卷调查,对其中的2 575例生活性手外伤患者的性别、年龄、损伤时间、地点、机制和部位等因素进行流行病学分析。结果生活性手外伤占急诊手外伤的49.2%,男女比例为3.3∶1,21～30岁高发,一天中10∶00～11∶00和21∶00～22∶00为高发时段,休息场所最常见(43.3%),其次是室外空间(28.8%)和休闲场所(20.0%)。常见损伤原因为意外性损伤(51.0%)、酒后自伤(16.1%)和他人暴力(15.5%)。常见损伤机制为切割伤(52.23%)、撞击伤(16.04%)及摔伤(15.18%)。2 405位患者为右利手,手偏利对损伤手分布有显著影响。开放性损伤占70.7%,54.4%患者合并深部组织损伤。结论生活性手外伤是常见疾病之一,有其自身的流行病学特点,可根据其特点采取针对性措施以降低发生率。

Objective To study the composition,distribution,and influencing factors of acute hand injuries in daily life in the Beijing area by analyzing the clinical data from patients with acute hand injuries.Methods Between April 1st 2005 to September 30th 2005,2 575 patients with acute hand injuries in daily life from Beijing area were investigated by questionnaire.The epidemiological factors were analyzed,including gender,age,injury time,injury cause,accident place,injury mechanism,and location.Results The 2 575 patients injuried in daily life accounted for 49.2% of all.Most of them were young males,and the male to female ratio was 3.3：1.Most of the patients were 21-30 years old.The most common accident place was resting place（43.3%）,and next was outdoors（28.8%） and leisure place（20.0%）.Accidental injury was the major injury cause,accounted for 51.0%,followed by injury after drinking（16.1%） and violence（15.5%）.The major injury mechanism was cutting（52.23%）,followed by collision（16.04%） and falling（15.18%）.A total of 2 405 patients were right hander,and handedness affected the distribution of injured hands significantly.Open injuries accouonted for 70.7% of the patients,and the tissues in deep layer were involved in the injury in 54.4% of all.Conclusion Hand injury in daily life is a common problem,which has its own epidemiological features.More appropriate measures should be taken to decrease the incidence.