昆舞的形态特征、运动规律及审美特质阐释

Form Characteristic,Movement Law,and Aesthetic Idiosyncracy of Kun Dancing

昆舞是从昆曲优质基因中提取舞蹈元素,通过合理化的整合以构建舞蹈语言。本文分三个层次将昆舞元素整理归纳成可操作的形态分析系统:将概括昆舞形态特征和律动特征的字诀分解成"含沉"、"顺连"、"圆曲"和"倾"四种基本动律元素;以"具有同一审美表意基质的一簇舞动"为依据,将昆舞动作单元素与典型舞畴相对应,概括成"意念和基本形态"、"手位、手式和指式"、"步伐"和"蹲、转、翻"等典型舞畴;将昆舞复合元素如"原地意念单手与上步意念双手转接零点下沉、蹲转后撤步复合掌背推拉"等归纳成典型舞畴序列。这就为提取典型舞畴的"因子项",如节奏型、呼吸型、步伐、显要动作部位及运动流程分析来呈现昆舞具体可感的形态特征提供了必要条件,让舞蹈从形态特征分析到审美特点和文化特质的概括变得方便而有效。

Kun dancing refers to extracting dancing factors from excellent parts of Kunqu to reasonably constructing a dancing language. Staged into three layers, the present article concludes the Kun dancing factors into an exercisable analysis system. Firstly, paraphrasing the comprehensive formulas abstracting the form and rhythm characteristic of Kun dancing into four basic rhythm factors ＂ implication and serenity＂ , ＂ smooth succession＂ , ＂ rounded curves＂ , ＂ inclining＂. Secondly, relating unit movement of Kun dancing to its typical dancing categories, such as ＂ conception and basic form＂ , ＂ hand position, hand posture, fingers posture＂ , ＂ step＂ , ＂ squatting, whirling and turning＂. Thirdly, concluding compound factors of Kun dancing into an order of dancing categories. This provides much convenience to analyze and generalize the aesthetic and cultural idiosyncracy of Kun dancing.