大鼠肝泡状棘球蚴病超声引导下经皮穿刺与开腹造模的比较

Comparison on ultrasound guided percutaneous and laparotomic inoculationtechniques in rat hepatic echinococcus multilocular modeling

目的比较肝泡状棘球蚴病超声引导下经皮肝穿刺与开腹直视肝内注射肝泡状棘球蚴原头节两种造模方法的优缺点及对后续介入实验研究的影响。方法将162只Wistar大鼠分成超声引导下经皮穿刺组及开腹接种组,每组81只,用超声引导下经皮肝穿刺和开腹直视下肝内注射肝泡状棘球蚴原头节的方法制备肝泡状棘球蚴病动物模型,以超声筛查动物模型。实验结束后处死动物,对比分析造模情况。结果超声引导下经皮穿刺组80只成活,其中48只造模成功,肝脏病变阳性率60.00%(48/80),病灶生长部位固定,与周围粘连、侵犯门静脉等脉管系统较轻,3只门静脉插管失败,插管成功率为93.75%(45/48);开腹接种组77只成活,其中33只造模成功,肝脏病变阳性率为42.86%(33/77),病变部位不固定,与周围脏器粘连显著,8只病变侵犯门静脉而插管失败,插管成功率为75.76%(25/33)。超声引导下经皮穿刺组造模肝脏病变阳性率及插管成功率均高于开腹接种组(χ2=4.617、5.394,P=0.032、0.020)。结论肝泡状棘球蚴病介入实验研究采用超声引导下经皮穿刺造模的方法病变阳性率高,造模过程简单,动物痛苦小,死亡率低,适宜后续研究。

Objective To compare the advantages and disadvantages of ultrasound guided percutaneous and laparotomic route to inject echinococcus multilocular suspension into the liver of Wistar rats and their influences to the following interventional experiments.Methods A total of 162 Wistar rats were randomly divided into ultrasound-guided percutaneous inoculation group and laparotomic inoculation group,there were 81 rats in each group.Echinococcus multilocularis protoscoleces was inoculated into the liver of rats through ultrasound-guided percutaneous intrahepatic injection or opening abdominal injection under direct vision.Rats were screened with ultrasound.At the end of experiment,all rats were killed and the positive inoculation rates of hepatic echinococcus multilocularis were analyzed.Results There were 80 rats survived in ultrasound-guided group,including 48 successful modeling,the positive rate of liver lesion was 60.00%（48/80）.The position of lesions was fixed with slight surrounding adhesion and portal vein involvement.Portal vein catheterization failed in 3 rats,the successful rate of intubation was 93.75%（45/48）.There are 77 rats survived in the laparotomic inoculation group,including 33 successful modeling,and the positive rate of liver lesion was 42.86%（33/77）.The positions of lesion was not fixed,the surrounding severely adhesions,catheterization failed in 8 rats with portal vein invasion,the successful rate of intubation was 75.76%（25/33）.The positive rate of liver lesion and successful catheteriztion rate was higher in ultrasound-guided percutaneous inoculation group than the laparotomic inoculation group（χ2=4.617,5.394;P=0.032,0.020）.Conclusion Ultrasound-guided percutaneous inoculation technique is a simple method with high positive rate of liver lesion for hepatic echinococcus multiloculars modeling.It can significantly decrease the suffering and the mortality rate of animal,therefore is suitable for following interventional study.