20世纪之前诗文用韵考研究概述

REVIEW OF STUDIES OF RHYMING IN POETRY BEFORE THE 20^(TH) CENTURY

利用历代传承的各类体裁的韵文材料来研究语音是汉语音韵学研究的重要方法之一。唐人首开利用诗文叶韵考察韵字读音的先河,但方法简单,没有系统,仅在考证方法上为后人提供一定的参考;宋人利用诗文进行古音研究,提出许多有价值的观点,但并没有太多方法论上的意义;元人对元曲等韵文材料的整理和运用虽然没有形成理论,但操作程序和研究结果是后人可资借鉴的,其方法已初具归纳法的模型;明人思维开阔,系统利用韵文材料进行语音研究,其方法是近乎完全归纳法的;清代朴学研究目的明确、材料可靠、手段成熟,时至今日,仍有指导意义。

One of the most important methods used in Chinese phonology studies is to study rhymes employed in verses inherited from generations.Scholars in the Tang Dynasty first introduced such studies but their studies were not systematic enough.Many valuable ideas were presented in phonology studies in the Song Dynasty,but they lack significance in the methodology sense.Studies in the Yuan Dynasty were at the beginning stage of application of inductive method and provide reference for later researches in both research procedures and results.With open mindedness,scholars in the Ming Dynasty did a systematic phonology research on the verses by using an almost inductive method.Text research in the Qing Dynasty,with specific purposes and mature methods,was based on reliable text materials and thus is of reference at present.