历史事件与小历史书写——解读路易丝·厄德里克的《鸽灾》

On Louise Edrich's The Plague of Doves

当代美国著名作家路易丝·厄德里克2008年推出的新作《鸽灾》,书写了发生在印第安人和白人之间既相互冲突又彼此交融的百年历史。本文在分析厄德里克书写历史的策略和建构历史叙事手段的基础上,主要探讨作者如何通过重构被主流社会贬抑或忽略的小历史,使被边缘化的奥吉布瓦人获得有效的话语权,并对抗欧裔美国人所谓的单一进步史。小说的小历史书写反映了作者强烈的历史意识和修正主义的编史观。

Louise Erdrich in her newly published nove lThe Plague of Doves represents a history of two conflicted communities of American Indians and whites during about a hundred years. This article tries to analyze Erdrich's strategies of historiography and explores the ways in which the author challenges the hegemonic historic narrative of the so-called Euro-American progress through reconstructing or rewriting 'micro-histories', which have been distorted in the mainstream narratives, so that the silenced and marginalized Ojbwa are able to articulate their voices and their view of the universe. The article also elaborates Erdrich's strong historical consciousness and her revisionist idea of historiography.