秦始皇缘何焚书坑儒

Why Emperor Qinshihuang Burning of the Books and Burying the Scholars

秦始皇于公元前213年和212年曾经焚书坑儒,这是中国古代史上一重大事件。最近有两作者撰文说焚书确有其事,而坑儒本无其事,是儒门之徒和方士们造的谣,司马迁由于"爱听故事"而写进历史的,在《史记》之前,并无坑儒之说。本文列举事实:司马迁为史官世家,记事是严肃认真的,且他的高祖任秦铁官,曾祖任汉初市长,历经秦汉之际的变迁。汉武帝时博士孔安国献古文尚书,淮南王刘安与中郎伍被谋反,都谈及秦始皇曾焚书坑儒,均在司马迁撰《史记》之前,以及秦始皇的长子扶苏因谏坑儒一事被贬上郡等记载,均证明秦始皇确有坑儒之事。

It is a major event in the history of ancient China that Emperor Qinshihuang burnt books and buried scholars in BC. 213 - 212. Recently, two scholars pointed out in their latest article that burning books was true but burying scholars was false who were Confucians and alchemists who made the rumor and Sima Qian wrote into his great book Historical Records by ＂hearing the story＂. This paper lists many facts： Sima Qian was born in the family of historian officials from generation to generation, and his great - great - grandfather was the official of iron in Qin and his great - grandfather was a mayor during the early Han who was the witness of the changes from the Qin to Han. When Dr. Kong Anguo provided Ancient Book of History, and King of Huainan Liu An and the Doctor Wu were rebellion, they all talked about the events of burning of books and burying the scholars which were before Sima Qian＇s Historical Records. The records that the eldest son of Emperor Qinshihuang Fusu was demoted because of remonstrance the events have proved that there was burying the scholars event of Emperor Qinshihuang. There can be different on the assessment of Emperor Qinshihuang, but it is no need to deny the historical fact of burning of the books and burying the Scholars.