生态农业发展法律调控保障体系之探讨——基于农业生态环境保护视角

Analysis on Law System for Developing Ecological Agriculture:from the Aspect of Agricultural Environmental Protection

传统石化农业发展模式给农业生态环境带来严重后果,加剧了能源危机和生态破坏,制约了农业可持续发展。普遍认识到发展现代生态农业是解决问题的唯一途径。西方国家较早起步的生态农业发展实践及农业环境保护法治成效表明,只有建立合理的法律调控机制与制度保障体系,农业生态环境才可以改善,农业资源方能可持续利用。鉴于国外经验,结合我国实际,现代生态农业发展调控保障立法重点在于:构建生态农业法律体系;创设农业环境保护配套制度;完善农业标准化管理体系;重视传统与现代农业技术融合创新,形成生态农业技术推广服务体系;贯彻绿色农业政策理念与构建生态产品市场机制;健全理顺法治化的农业环境保护综合执法监管体制,明确农业生态环境法律责任等。

The traditional petrochemical agriculture has resulted in serious impacts on the agricultural ecological environment, which aggravates the energy crisis and the ecological damage and thus limits the sustainable development of agriculture. The well acceptance of promoting the modern ecological agriculture is the only way to resolve this problem. The west countries has started long earlier in the ecological agriculture and environmental protection law on agriculture, which shows that only the reasonable law mechanisms are established shall the agricultural ecological environment be improved and the agricultural resources be sustainably used. By learning the experience from the other countries and combining the conditions in China, this article holds that the legislation on the modern ecological agriculture should focus on： establishing the law system of ecological agriculture and the matching mechanisms of agricultural environmental protection; improving the agricultural standard management system; emphasizing the integration as well as innovation of the traditional and modern agricultural skill and then forming the ecological agricultural skill extension service system; implementing the policy concept of green agriculture, constructing the ecological product market mechanism; rationalizing and improving the enforcement supervision system of agricultural environmental protection; and defining the legal responsibility of agricultural ecological environmental nrotection, and so on.