液压破碎锤系统建模与仿真

Modeling and Simulation of Hydraulic Breaker System

为分析液压破碎锤的动态性能,以YC70型液压破碎锤为研究对象,在系统分析其工作原理的基础上,建立了液压破碎锤的非线性数学模型,利用编制的仿真程序进行计算,并将仿真结果与实测结果进行对比。结果表明:仿真结果与实测结果的误差在2%以内,从而验证了数学模型与仿真程序的准确性;液压破碎锤工作过程中,冲击活塞始终处于剧烈的变速运动状态,其加速度可达623.9 m.s-2,最大速度可达7 688 mm.s-1;换向阀亦处于高频换向状态,换向阀芯在运动过程中受力有较大波动,而且2个极限位置与阀体有较强烈的冲撞,但对位移影响不明显,也即对上腔所控液压油影响不大。

In order to analyse the dynamic performance of hydraulic breaker,regarded YC70 type hydraulic breaker as the research object,based on systematic analysis of operational principle,the nonlinear mathematic model of hydraulic breaker was established and the simulated programs were compiled and were used to calculated.Simulated result was compared with the test result.Result shows that the error between the simulated result and the test result is within 2%,which indicates the mathematical model and the simulated programs are correct.The piston is always in a state of accelerated motion.Its acceleration is up to 623.9 m·s-2 and the maximal velocity can reach 7 688 mm·s-1.The directional valve is also in a state of high frequency direction changing and the force imposed on the directional valve core fluctuates sharply.There exists strong collisions between two extreme positions and the valve body,which have little influence on the displacement and the hydraulic oil in the upper cavity.