KISS1-GPR54基因与儿童性早熟

The relationship between KISS1-GPR54 gene and precocious puberty of children

儿童性早熟是由下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴提前发动所致,近年来研究发现,下丘脑促性腺激素释放激素神经元被激活是青春期启动的关键.KISS1及其受体G蛋白耦联受体54（G protein-coupled receptor 54,GPR54）基因对青春期的正常启动具有重要作用,KISS1-GPR54基因在脑部的表达被认为是青春期启动的催化剂.青春期开始前后,下丘脑KISS1和GPR54mRNA水平很高,KISS1基因产物Kisspeptins通过激活GPR54增加促性腺激素释放激素的释放,GPR54基因突变可导致促性腺激素依赖性性早熟.

Precocious puberty in children begins with the increased pulsatile secretion of the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone（GnRH）from hypothalamic.Recently,KISS1-GPR54 Was found to be a key factor to regulate the secretion of GnRH and the onset of puberty.Kisspeptin interacts with its receptor GPR54.which expressed on the hypothalamic GnRH neurons.and affects GnRH pulsatile release and the onset of puberty.GPR54 gene mutation causes the incidence of GnRH-dependent precocious puberty.