运用直线加平台法确定黑土区玉米氮磷施肥量

Determination of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Rate in the Corn Field of Mollisol by Linear-Plateau Method

施肥量的确定一直是玉米高产栽培研究的主要课题之一。分别运用肥料效应函数法和直线加平台法,对按照直线加平台法设计的在黑土上春玉米的田间试验结果进行了统计分析,发现利用直线加平台法设计的田间试验结果也可以用来建立肥料效应函数,并根据肥料效应函数求得相应的施肥量。利用肥料效应函数得到的最高产量推荐施氮量和最大利润推荐施氮量分别为107.4 kg hm-2和103.2 kg hm-2,而最高产量推荐施磷量和最大利润推荐施磷量分别45.5 kg hm-2和41.3 kg hm-2。利用直线加平台法得到氮、磷的推荐施肥量分别为73.9和38.0 kg hm-2,明显低于用肥料效应函数法求得的推荐施肥量。对于肥料效应函数无法处理的试验数据,利用直线加平台法仍然可以对实验数据进行处理并得出实验结果,后者是肥料效应函数法的补充。

Determination of fertilizer application rates has been one of the main research subjects for high yield production of corn. This work analyzed the field experimental results of corn performed in Mollisol which was designed according to the linear-plateau method by using both yield response function of nutrients and linear-plateau method. The results showed that experimental results fit the fertilizer rate-yield function too, which could be used to obtain the recommendation rates of fertilizer. By using yield response function of nutrients, the recommended nitrogen rate for maximum yield and that for maximum economic yield were 107.4 kg ha^-1 and 103.2 kg ha^-1 respectively, and the recommended phosphorus rate for maximum yield and that for maximum economic yield were 45.5.0 kg ha^-1 and 41.3 kg ha^-1 respectively. The recommended nitrogen and phosphorus rates were 73.9 and 38.0 kg ha^-1 respectively by linear-plateau method, lower than that by yield response function of nutrients. Results that did not fit any yield response function of fertilizer could still be used in the linear-plateau method to derive recommended fertilizer rate, the latter replenished the former one.