甘肃河西灌区不同种植年限玉米制种田土壤理化性质变化的研究

Effect of Maize Seed Production Field in Different Planting Years on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in Hexi Irrigation Area

在河西灌区灌漠土上连续种植制种玉米2、4、6、8、10 a的地块为标准样品采集区,取0-20 cm耕层土样30个室内化验分析土壤理化性质。研究结果表明：随着玉米种植年限的延长,土壤孔隙度、碱解N、速效P、可溶性盐含量在递增,二者呈正相关。土壤容重、速效K随着玉米种植年限的延长在递减,二者呈显著的负相关。种植玉米2-8 a土壤有机质含量虽然随玉米种植年限的延长而增加,但增加的幅度不大,种植玉米10 a后,土壤有机质表现出下降的趋势。土壤pH随着制种玉米种植年限的延长而降低,连续种植玉米10 a土壤pH任趋于中性,不会对土壤理化性质产生不良的影响。

The plots of standard samples were selected in irrigated desert soil of Hexi irrigation area with continuous plantation of maize for 2,4,6,8 and 10 years.30 soil samples in 0-20 cm plow layer soil were analyzed for physical and chemical properties in laboratory.The results showed as follows.With the extension of maize planting years,soil porosity and the contents of alkali N,available P and soluble salt gradually increased and positively correlated with plantation time However,soil bulk density and available K gradually decreased and showed a negative correlation with plantation time.The soil organic matter content under 2-8 years＇ of plantation increased with slight degree but showed a downward trend after 10-year plantation.The pH of soil decreased with the increase of plantation time and became neutral after 10-year plantation which had no negative impact on the soil physical and chemical properties.