有机无机肥配施对灌耕灰钙土碱性磷酸酶和土壤磷素的影响

Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilization on Alkali-phosphatase and Soil Phosphates in the Irrigated Farming Sierozem

在有机无机肥配施下,对灌耕灰钙土土壤碱性磷酸酶活性、速效磷、土壤全磷及其相关性进行研究。结果表明,土壤中碱性磷酸酶活性,剖面分布0-10 cm土层〉10-20 cm土层〉20-40 cm土层,有机处理明显高于无机处理,休闲（F）处理极显著高于无机处理,秸秆（S）、秸秆＋NP肥（SNP）处理较高,N肥、NP肥处理显著高于对照（CK）,NPK肥处理低于对照（CK）,P肥处理活性较低;小麦苗期和灌浆期高于分蘖期和拔节期,收获期低于播种前。小麦收获期,在0-10 cm、10-20 cm、20-40 cm土层中,土壤全磷含量施肥处理比对照（CK）分别减少0.06-0.18 g kg^-1、增加0.02-0.14 g kg^-1、增加0.02-0.14 g kg^-1,秸秆＋NP肥（SNP）和NP肥处理土壤全磷含量显著高于其他处理。土壤速效磷含量,各处理大小顺序依次是：NP肥〉P肥〉NPK肥〉羊粪＋NP肥〉秸秆＋NP肥,秸秆（S）〉羊粪（M）,小麦生育期呈先减小后增加又减少的趋势,在灌浆期和分蘖期较高。各个施肥处理,土壤碱性磷酸酶与土壤速效磷达到极显著直线正相关,土壤碱性磷酸酶活性可以反映土壤速效磷含量,土壤碱性磷酸酶活性可以作为指示灌耕灰钙土土壤磷素状况的灵敏指标。

This study examined relationships of the activities of alkali-phosphatase,soil availiable phosphatase and total phosphatase on the irrigated farming sierozem.The results showed that the order of the activities of alkali-phosphatase in different soil depth was 0-10 cm 〉10-20 cm 〉20-40 cm,and those in the treatments amended with organic manure were significantly higher than inorganic manure treatments,and F treatment was significantly higher than that of inorganic manure.The activities of alkali-phosphatase were significantly different between varied experiment treatments,the treatments of S and SNP were higher than CK,and N and NP were significantly higher than CK,but treatment NPK was lower than CK.And phosphatase activities in wheat seedling and grouting stages were higher than tillering and jointing,but it was lower in havesting stage comparing to the period before plantation.In contrast to treatment CK,the total phosphatase of fertilization treatment in different soil depths（0-10 cm,10-20 cm,20-40 cm） reduced 0.06-0.18 g kg^-1,increased 0.02-0.14 g kg^-1 and 0.02-0.14 g kg^-1 at the harvesting stage,respectively,and treatment SNP and NP were significantly higher than the other treatments.The available phosphatase in different treatments arranged as： NP 〉P〉 NPK〉 MNP 〉SNP,S 〉M,but it had oscillation situation during the wheat growth.And it was higher in grouting and tillering stages than other treatments.There was a positive correlation between alkali-phosphatase and avail phosphatase in all fertilization treatments.Therefore,the activities of alkali-phosphatase could be used to report to the content of available phosphatase and alkali-phosphatase,and be used as sensitive indicators of soil phosphorus status.